In frame of the regular NEURON (Network of European Funding for Neuroscience Research) conferences on May 14 to may 16, 2012 a scientific symposium centers around psychiatric diseases. Within the so called ERA-Net (European Research Area)18 ministries and public funding agencies organise since 2007 common public research funding in the area of disease oriented neuroscience. Of the 2010 common call initiative for psychiatric diseases several researchers will present and discuss their work on different topics at the symposium. According to estimations of the World Health Organisation brain disorders are major causes for impaired quality of life, and more than one billion people suffer from them worldwide. In Europe approximately one third of all disease costs are caused by disorders of the brain. Among these psychiatric disorders obtain a special role. The research into such diseases and transfer of the results into improved diagnosis and therapy is thus of utmost importance.